Organelle
|
Function
|
Features
|
Plasma membrane
|
Holds cell contents together. Semi-permeable to control entry and
exit of materials
|
Made of a phospholipid bilayer. Very long and highly folded to absorb
material
|
Cell Wall
|
Present only in plants. Provide structure and support
|
Made of cellulose
|
Centriole
|
Only in animal cells. Forms spindle fibre for cell division
|
Has 9 groups of microtubules
|
Chloroplast
|
Only in Plants. Has chlorophyll, carries out photosynthesis
|
Grana catch light to split water. Glucose synthesis occurs in liquid
stroma
|
Chromosome
|
Contains information in the genetic code to give instructions to all
life processes
|
Made up of tightly coiled DNA and protein
|
Cytoplasm
|
Holds dissolved food and gases
|
Watery liquid
|
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER)
|
Surface area for reactions and transport system
|
Rough ER covered in ribosomes, smooth ER is not
|
Golgi bodies
|
Package proteins into usable form and transport them out of cell
|
More found in cells that produce a lot of protein (mucus cells)
|
Lysosomes
|
Collect cell wastes
|
Has digestive enzymes to break down waste
|
Mitochondria
|
Site of respiration. Internal folds provide a large surface area
|
More in cells that need a lot of energy (muscle cells, cells that
transport material)
|
Nucleus
|
Holds chromosome, controls cell activity
|
Surrounded by double layered nuclear membrane
|
Ribosomes
|
Site of protein synthesis
|
Found along ER, more in cells that make a lot of proteins (enzymes)
|
Vacuoles
|
Storage of materials, water/starch, in plants
|
Contain water to give cells strength
|